Cam 15 Test 1
PASSAGE 1: NUTMEG – A VALUABLE SPICE
1. Key words: leaves, shape
2. Key words: surrounds, fruit, open, ripe
to surround = to encase
to break = to split
3. Key words: produce, spice nutmeg
4. Key words: covering, aril, produce
5. Key words: Middle Ages, Europeans, knew, grown
6. Key words: VOC, first, major trading
trading company = commercial operation
7. Key words: following, Treaty of Breda, Dutch, control, all, where nutmeg grew
8. Key words: Middle Ages, brought to, Europe
9. Key words: 17th century, disease
10. Key words: 17th century, Dutch, avoid, outside, obtained, British
cultivated = grown
11. Key words: 17th century, Dutch, avoid, outside, obtained, British
cultivated = grown
12. Key words: 1770, secretly taken
secretly taken = smuggle
13. Key words: 1778, half, Banda Islands, destroyed
destroy = wipe out
PASSAGE 2: DRIVERLESS CARS
14. Key words: time, not in use
15. Key words: advantages, individual road-users
16. Key words: opportunity, appropriate vehicle, each trip
best suit = appropriate
each trip = particular journey
17. Key words: how long, overcome, problems
problems = challenges
overcome = conquer
18. Key words: no effect, number, vehicles manufactured
19. Key words: Transport Research Laboratory, motor accidents, due to
motor accidents = road collisions
20. Key words: schemes, workable
schemes = initiatives
workable = viable
21. Key words: University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute, 43 percent drop, cars
drop = reduce
cars = vehicles
22. Key words: yearly, twice as high
yearly = annual
twice as high = double
Questions 23-24: Key words: benefits
travel independently = travel autonomy
Questions 25-26: Key words: challenges
general public = communities
have confidence = trust and accept
various = infinite
PASSAGE 3: WHAT IS EXPLORATION
Cam 15 Test 2
PASSAGE 1: COULD URBAN ENGINEERS LEARN FROM DANCE ?
1. Key words: way of using dance, not proposing
2. Key words: contrast, past and present, building
past = medieval
present = now
3. Key words: objective, both, dance and engineering
objective = aim
4. Key words: unforeseen problem, ignoring, climate
ignore = fail to take into account
unforeseen = unexpected
5. Key words: measures, intended, help people, reserved
be reversed = be removed
6. Key words: impact, human lives
have an impact = affect
7. Key words: Guard rails, improve, pedestrians, movement, not disrupted
movement = flow
8. Key words: Guard rails, improve, pedestrians, movement, not disrupted
movement = flow
9. Key words: access points, one at a time
10. Key words: unintended, psychological difficulties, less
difficulties = barriers
11. Key words: cross the road, way
cross = make crossings
12. Key words: separate, difficult, introduce
separate = divide
13. Key words: separate, difficult, introduce
separate = divide
PASSAGE 2: SHOULD WE TRY TO BRING EXTINCT SPECIES BACK TO LIFE ?
14. Key words: disappearance, avoided
avoid = prevent
15. Key words: explanation, reproducing, using DNA
reproduce = clone
16. Key words: habitat, suffered, following the extinction
habitat = ecosystems
17. Key words: exact point, particular species, extinct
become extinct = come to an end
18. Key words: George Church, mammoths, tundra
identify = pinpoint
enable = make it possible
live = survive
19. Key words: Church, Asian elephants, physical adaptations, minimise
minimise = reduce
20. Key words: mammoth-like features
reduced size = smaller
more = extra
21. Key words: mammoth-like features
reduced size = smaller
more = extra
22. Key words: repopulating, environment
decrease = mitigate
23. Key words: reproducing an extinct species, improve, particular species
24. Key words: concentrate, causes
25. Key words: beneficial impact, vegetation
brought back = return(ed)
26. Key words: efforts, preserving biodiversity, insufficient
current = today
insufficient = not enough
PASSAGE 3: HAVING A LAUGH
27. Keywords: first paragraph, language, human culture, scientific research, universality, animal societies
28. Keywords: Charley Douglass, group setting, TV viewers, social spectrum, recording studio
group setting = social situation
29. Keywords: Santa Cruz, different, cultures, academic disciplines, recorded
a wide range of cultures = diverse societies
30. Keywords: San Diego, upset, exchanged roles, friends, unable
31. Keywords: fifth paragraph, dominant laugh, submissive laughs, similar, identified
32. Key words: Australian National University, three videos, different kind
generate = elicit
emotion = feelings
33. Key words: persisted, tried harder
34. Key words: second study, similar results
35. Key words: David Cheng, Lu Wang, reduces, body and mind
reduce = relieve
stimulating = energising
36. Key words: David Cheng, Lu Wang, reduces, body and mind
reduce = relieve
stimulating = energising
37. Key words: Santa Cruz, more accurate, friends, strangers
38. Key words: San Diego, predictions, high-status individuals
predict = expect
39. Key words: Australian National University, fixed, time, employee profiles
40. Key words: Cheng and Wang, in line, task performance
established notion = traditional view
Cam 15 Test 3
PASSAGE 1: HENRY MOORE (1898 – 1986 )
1. Key words: leaving school, Moore, did, father, wanted
want = wish
2. Key words: began, sculpture, first term, Leeds School of Art
3. Key words: Royal College of Art, reputation, sculpture, excellent
4. Key words: aware, ancient sculpture, visiting, London museums
become aware = discover
5. Key words: Trocadero Museum, Mayan sculpture, public, interest
6. Key words: Mayan sculpture, similar, other, stone sculptures
7. Key words: artists, Unit One, modern art, architecture, popular
8. Key words: urged, offer, leave, Royal College
9. Key words: turns to, drawing, sculpting, not, available
turn to = focus on
not available = shortage
Answer: materials.
10. Key words: visiting, hometown, drawings
some drawings ~ a series of sketches
11. Key words: employed, produce, sculpture, of
employ = offer [someone] a commission
12. Key words: start, buy, Moore’s work
13. Key words: increased, possible, ambitious, sculptures
increase = boost
make it possible for = enable
PASSAGE 2: THE DESOLENATOR : PRODUCING CLEAN WATER
14.
15. clean = purify
16. different = unlike
17. water shortage = water stress = water scarcity
18. customers ~ users
19.
20. finance = funding
21. Key words: device, used, different locations,
22. Key words: water, fed, pipe, flows, solar panel
23. Key words: any, particles, water, caught in
catch = trap
24. Key words: purified, water, tube, types, through another
purified = distilled
25. Key words: screen, displays, transmits, information, company, know, Desolenator, requires
display = show
device = unit
require = necessitate (necessary)
26. Key words: screen, displays, transmits, information, company, know, Desolenator, requires
display = show
device = unit
require = necessitate (necessary)
Answer: performance; servicing.
cambridge ielts 15 reading test 3 passage 2
Cambridge IELTS 15 reading test 3 passage 3
27. Key words: fairy tales, details, plot
global = world
variation = variety = different
28. Key words: Tehrani, rejects, useful, lessons, life
29. Key words: theories, social, significance, fairy tales
develop = devise
significance = importance
social = in society
factual basis = knowledge
30. Key words: insights, development, fairy tales
development = evolution (evolve)
biological research = biologist
31. Key words: analysed, Tehrani
analyse = analysis
spoken = oral
originally = tradition (traditionally)
32. Key words: techniques, evolutionary biologists, existed, 58 stories
links = relationships
33. Key words: aspects, fewest, believed, these, most important
variation = alter (alteration)
34. Key words: contrary, beliefs, some, included, change,
change over time = evolve (rate of evolution)
events = incidents
35. Key words: surprised, parts, story, provide, unimportant
story = tale
unimportant = trivial
36. Key words: aspect, most important, story’s survival
horror = fear
37. Key words: method, Tehrani, test, ideas, fairy tales
38. Key words: Tehrani’s views, Jack Zipes, suggests
stick = survive
have significance = matter
39. Key words: Tehrani, Chinese, Japanese, fairy tales
40. Key words: Mathias Clasen, believe
Cam 15 Test 4
PASSAGE 1: THE RETURN OF THE HUARANGO
1. Key words: access, deep, surface
access = reach
Answer: water.
2. Key words: crucial, local, inhabitants, long time ago
crucial = key
a long time ago = ancient
3. Key words: people, survive, periods
survive = withstand
4. Key words: prevents, soil
5. Key words: prevents, land, becoming
become = turn into
Answer: desert.
6. medicine = remedies
construction = build (building)
7. medicine = remedies
construction = build (building)
8. medicine = remedies
construction = build (building)
9. Key words: local, families, Whaley, traditional, uses, huarango, products
10. Key words: Alberto Benevides, profit, growing, huarangos
11. Key words: Whaley, co-operation, farmers, preserve, wildlife
12. Key words: Whaley, project, succeed, extended
area = expanse
large = huge
13. Key words: Whaley, plans, Africa, similar, project
PASSAGE 2: SILBO GOMERO – THE WHISTLE ‘LANGUAGE’ OF THE CANARY ISLANDS
14. Key words: La Gomera, mountainous, Canary Islands
15. Key words: Silbo, appropriate, short, simple, messages
16. Key words: brain-activity, silbadores, non-whistlers, different, results
17. Key words: Spanish, introduced, Silbo, 15th century
18. Key words: precise, data, whistle, languages, today
in existence = in use
19. Key words: children, Gomera, learn, Silbo
20. Key words: high, low, frequency, tones, sounds, Spanish
21. Key words: pitch, whistle, controlled, silbador’s
22. Key words: changed, cupped, hand
change = adjust
23. Key words: everyday, use, transmission, brief
everyday = daily
transmission = communicate (communication)
short = brief
24. Key words: relay, essential, information, quickly, e.g., inform
quickly = rapid (rapidly)
essential = vital
relay information = communicate
e.g. = such as, for example
25. Key words: future, threat, new
new = modern
under threat = be threatened
26. Key words: Canaries’ authorities, receive, UNESCO, preserve
receive = get
Answer: award.
PASSAGE 3: ENVIRONMENTAL PRACTICES OF BIG BUSINESSES
27.
28. Key words: lack, governments, public
control = regulation
29. Key words: lack, governments, public
control = regulation
30. Key words: environmental, problems, destruction
31. Key words: environmental, problems, destruction
32. Key words: idea, third, paragraph, environmental, damage
ordinary people = the public
33. Key words: fourth, paragraph, ways, public
34. Key words: pressure, exerted, business, BSE
big business = major company
law = rules
35. Key words: public, fund, environmental, practices
good environmental practices = sound environmental practices
36. Key words: contrast, moral, principles, businesses
37. Key words: distinction, acceptable, unacceptable, behavior
38. Key words: public, successfully, influenced, businesses, past
39. Key words: future, businesses, concern, environment